The satellite also carries a sophisticated two-mode receiving and transmitting antenna developed at NPO PM. Geo-IK-2 also carries a Doppler system, a time synchronizer, laser reflectors and a range finder. The device was adapted from the Poseidon-2 altimeter, which was installed on the French Jason-1 satellite launched in December 2006. 11 is the Sadko altimeter developed by France-based Thales Alenia Space. The satellites were designed to operate in circular orbits 1,000 kilometers above the Earth surface with an inclination of 99.4 degrees toward the Equator. 12, designed for geodesic measurements with the help of radio and laser-based systems. The new Russian geodetic network was expected to include two satellites - Geo-IK-2 No. Some components of the attitude control and flight control systems were taken from the SESAT, Ekspress-AM and Lutch-4 satellites. ISS Reshetnev borrowed many of the systems onboard Geo-IK-2 from its GLONASS-M satellite, including the power supply system and propulsion thrusters. The onboard solar panels would be in fixed position during flight. ( 457) The spacecraft featured movable thermal-control shutters, honeycomb radiator panels and a payload platform carrying the main antenna assembly. The diameter of the pressurized container was reduced to 1.3 meters and the mass of the satellite brought down to 900 kilograms. The satellite was re-tailored for the light-weight Rockot booster. With the gradual improvement of the Russian economy, the Geo-IK-2 project was jump-started in 2001. NPO PM did use a second revision of the Geo-IK-2 design as a basis for the development of the GLONASS-M navigation satellite. However in 1997, the Russian government had to essentially stop funding of the Geo-IK-2 project. By the mid-1990s, the Russian Space Forces, VKS, ordered NPO PM to redesign Geo-IK-2 into a smaller, cheaper spacecraft, which could be launched by the Russian-built Soyuz-2 rocket. The production of the Zenit rocket was left in newly independent republic of Ukraine and the rocket's launch pad in Plesetsk had never been completed and was eventually re-purposed for the Angara rocket. Launches of the satellite were expected to start in 1994-1995 onboard the Zenit rocket, probably lifting off from a new launch pad in Plesetsk.Īll these plans collapsed with the disintegration of USSR. NPO PM planned to delegate the production of the satellite to the Krasmash plant in Krasnoyarsk. A three-boom antenna had a span of five meters. A triple flashlight system onboard was designed for accurate tracking of the satellite from the ground. A gyroscope-based attitude control system enabled the satellite to point the antenna of its radio altimeter along a local vertical with an accuracy of 15 arc minutes. The proposed satellite sported a boron-aluminum payload-carrying platform, movable solar panels, gas-to-liquid radiators. A proposed 4.5-ton satellite was based on the Estapheta spacecraft bus and was built around a cylindrical pressurized compartment, which had a height of five meters and a diameter of two meters. In 1982, NPO PM started development of a third-generation geodetic satellite system designated Geo-IK-2. 11L (Musson-2 14F31) satellite in deployed position in orbit. ( 455) At the same time, accurate knowledge of gravitational field properties along the flight route of ballistic missiles can help increase accuracy of their warheads. In the civilian sector, the spacecraft's data can be applied to the study of tectonic plate movements, monitoring of ocean tides, ice conditions and the Earth's rotational velocity. The information can help in the development of highly accurate geodetic coordinate systems for potential military and civilian applications, such as cartography and missile guidance. The Geo-IK-2 satellite was designed to serve as a precise reference point needed for accurate measurements of the Earth's shape and the properties of its gravitational field. The author of this page will appreciate comments, corrections and imagery related to the subject.
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